Dietary patterns in a nursing team measured by principal component analysis

Abstract Objective: To characterize the dietary pattern of nursing professionals at a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Method: A sectional study with nursing professionals (nurses, technicians and nursing assistants). Two 24-hour food recall records were applied, totaling 459 foods, be...

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Veröffentlicht in:Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P 2020-01, Vol.54, p.e03597-e03597
Hauptverfasser: Barreiro, Patricia Lima Dias, Vasconcelos, Ana Glória Godoi, Rotenberg, Lucia, Griep, Rosane Harter, Aguiar, Odaleia Barbosa de
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Abstract Objective: To characterize the dietary pattern of nursing professionals at a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Method: A sectional study with nursing professionals (nurses, technicians and nursing assistants). Two 24-hour food recall records were applied, totaling 459 foods, being reduced to 24 food groups. Food patterns were identified using the Principal Component Analysis technique, followed by orthogonal varimax rotation. A Scree Plot graph indicated three factors to be extracted and loads > +0.30 were adopted to define dietary patterns. Results: A total of 309 professionals participated. The sample consisted of 85.8% of female individuals. The patterns were named “traditional” which included rice (0.747), beans (0.702) and meat (0.713); “healthy”: vegetables (0.444), greens (0.450), fruits (0.459), bananas and oranges (0.379), and “snacks”: sugar (0.661), bread (0.471), cakes and cookies (0.334), non-alcoholic drinks (0.727). Conclusion: The results highlight the “traditional” food pattern of Brazilian food consumption based on the combination of rice, beans and meat. Future studies may investigate the effect of dietary patterns on health outcomes among nursing workers. Resumo Objetivo: Caracterizar o padrão alimentar dos profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital público do Rio de Janeiro. Método: Estudo seccional, com profissionais de enfermagem (enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem). Dois recordatórios alimentares de 24 horas foram aplicados, totalizando 459 alimentos, sendo reduzidos a 24 grupos alimentares. Identificaram-se os padrões alimentares com a técnica de Análise de Componentes Principais, seguida da rotação ortogonal varimax. O gráfico Scree Plot indicou três fatores a serem extraídos e cargas > + 0,30 foram adotadas para definição dos padrões alimentares. Resultados: Participaram 309 profissionais. A amostra foi composta por 85,8% dos indivíduos do sexo feminino. Os padrões foram nomeados de “tradicional” que incluiu arroz (0,747), feijão (0,702) e carnes (0,713); “saudável”: legumes (0,444), hortaliças (0,450), frutas (0,459), banana e laranja (0,379), e “lanche”: açúcar (0,661), pão (0,471), bolos e biscoitos (0,334), bebida não alcoólica (0,727). Conclusão: Os resultados destacam o padrão alimentar “tradicional” de consumo de alimentos brasileiros baseado na combinação arroz, feijão e carnes. Estudos futuros poderão investigar o efeito dos padrões alimentares sobre desfechos de saúde entre os trabalh
ISSN:0080-6234
1980-220X
1980-220X
DOI:10.1590/s1980-220x2019003003597