Liming and Ionic speciation of an Oxisol under no-till system Calagem e especiação iônica de um Latossolo sob sistema plantio direto

The chemical speciation of the soil solution is an important tool for evaluating nutrient availability and aluminum phytotoxicity. The effect of liming in the composition of the soil solution under the no-till (NT) system is still not well known. We evaluated the chemical speciation of Al and nutrie...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Scientia agricola 2008-04, Vol.65 (2), p.190-203
Hauptverfasser: Fernando Cesar Bachiega Zambrosi, Luís Reynaldo Ferracciú Alleoni, Eduardo Fávero Caires
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:The chemical speciation of the soil solution is an important tool for evaluating nutrient availability and aluminum phytotoxicity. The effect of liming in the composition of the soil solution under the no-till (NT) system is still not well known. We evaluated the chemical speciation of Al and nutrients in the soil solution (water extract 1:1), five years after liming at the moment of the establishment of NT in a native pasture, in Ponta Grossa, Paraná State, Brazil. Dolomitic lime was applied at a rate of 4.5 t ha-1 (either incorporated or surface-applied), or split in three annual rates of 1.5 t ha-1. Soil samples from a dystrophic clayey Rhodic Hapludox were collected at the 0 - 0.05; 0.05 - 0.1; 0.1 - 0.2; 0.2 - 0.4; 0.4 - 0.6; and 0.6 - 0.8 m layers, in May, 2003. Aluminum was mainly complexed to dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and fluoride, while the free form Al3+ was present in fewer amounts even under acidic conditions. Calcium and magnesium were found as free forms (Ca2+, Mg2+) and complexed by organic anions. Phosphorus was found as free forms (HPO4(2-), H2PO4-) and complexed with aluminum (ionic pair Al-HxPO4x) up to 0.1 m. Complexation of Al by DOC was not influenced by surface-applied or incorporated liming. Liming did not change Ca and Mg speciation in the soil solution under NT system. The presence of free forms HPO4(2-) and H2PO4-, however, was influenced by liming, because of the increase in cation associated forms.A especiação química da solução do solo é uma importante ferramenta para avaliar a disponibilidade de nutrientes e o potencial fitotóxico do alumínio. As formas em que os elementos ocorrem na solução dos solos sob sistema plantio direto (SPD) ainda são pouco conhecidas, sobretudo em áreas que receberam aplicação de calcário. Avaliou-se a distribuição das espécies químicas de alumínio e nutrientes na solução do solo (extrato aquoso 1:1), cinco anos após a aplicação de calcário, na introdução do SPD em área de pastagem nativa, em Ponta Grossa -PR. Aplicaram-se 4,5 t ha-1 de calcário dolomítico na superfície, em dose única ou parcelada durante três anos, ou com incorporação na camada de 0 - 0,20 m, de um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico textura argilosa. As amostras de solo foram coletadas nas profundidades de 0 - 0,05; 0,05 - 0,1; 0,1 - 0,2; 0,2 - 0,4; 0,4 - 0,6 e 0,6 - 0,8 m. O alumínio (Al) ocorreu predominantemente complexado pelo carbono orgânico dissolvido (DOC) e pelo fluoreto, e em baixíssimas proporções na forma livre Al3+, me
ISSN:0103-9016
1678-992X
DOI:10.1590/S0103-90162008000200013