Localized cold urticaria after vaccination in a child: A case and literature review

Dear Editor, Cold urticaria (CU), the second most frequent type of chronic inducible urticaria, is characterized by skin lesions and/or angioedeina developing upon contact with cold air, liquids or solids, subsequent to the release of proinflammatory mast cell mediators on exposure to low temperatures. CU can be subdivided into familial or acquired forms. The latter can be classified as primary or secondary to an underlying cause, such as infections (mainly viral pathogens), cryoglobulinemia, hypersensitivity vasculitis, drugs, neoplasms. Certain acquired CU (ACU), called atypical ACU syndromes, could not exhibit wheal formation after standard cold contact stimulation tests, and consequently their diagnosis must depend on history and other diagnostic procedures. Among them, have been included the systemic ACU, the cold-dependent dermatographism, the cold-induced cholinergic urticaria, the delayed cold urticaria, the localized cold reflex urticaria and the localized cold urticaria (LCU).