THE EFFECT OF ORTHODONTIC VERTICAL FORCES ON THE DENTAL PULP: A THREE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

Aim of the study. In our study we evaluated, by using a three-dimensional Finite Element Model, the effect of intrusive and extrusive forces applied during orthodontic treatment. Material and methods. A tridimensional image of the tooth was obtained, by creating a model with 1379 nodes and 976 finite elements. We selected two clinical situations frequently present during orthodontic treatment: the use of a force aiming to align the teeth according to the vertical dimension, through extrusion or intrusion, which exerts a compression or elongation effect on the periodontal complex. Results. The results showed that the use of high force determined an increased stress especially in the apical third of the root. Conclusions. The use of high forces could determine an increased stress in the apical third of the root and disturbances in pulp circulation or even loss of dental pulp vitality.