Imbalance of Circulating Th17 and Regulatory T Cells in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Case Control Study
The neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), i.e., neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, consist of beta amyloid peptides (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated Tau. These are accompanied by reactive microglia and astrocytes in the vicinity of the neuritic plaques and by changes to the...
Gespeichert in:
Veröffentlicht in: | Frontiers in immunology 2018-06, Vol.9, p.1213-1213 |
---|---|
Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
Zusammenfassung: | The neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), i.e., neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, consist of beta amyloid peptides (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated Tau. These are accompanied by reactive microglia and astrocytes in the vicinity of the neuritic plaques and by changes to the peripheral immune system, e.g., an increase of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the peripheral blood. To address a potential involvement of peripheral T helper cell (T
h
) subsets in AD, we conducted a case control study with 54 individuals with AD dementia (
n
= 14), with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD (MCI
AD
,
n
= 14), with MCI unlikely due to AD (MCI
other
,
n
= 13), and controls without cognitive impairment (controls,
n
= 13). The proportions of CD3
+
CD8
−
IL-17A
+
IFNγ
−
Th17 cells, CD3
+
CD8
−
IL-17A
−
IFNγ
+
Th1 cells, and CD4
+
CD127
low
CD25
+
regulatory T cells (T
regs
) were assessed by flow cytometry. In addition, the correlations of the proportions of T
h
subsets to cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers were studied. CD3
+
CD8
−
IL-17A
+
IFNγ
−
Th17 cells were significantly increased in subjects with MCI
AD
compared to age- and sex-matched subjects with MCI
other
and controls (MCI
AD
mean = 1.13, SD = 0.77; MCI
other
mean = 0.58, SD = 0.28; and controls mean = 0.52, SD = 0.22;
p
= 0.008). The proportion of CD4
+
CD127
low
CD25
+
T
regs
was not altered between the different groups, but it significantly positively related with the levels of total Tau and pTau181 (
r
Treg|totalTau
= 0.43,
p
= 0.021,
n
= 28;
r
Treg|pTau181
= 0.46;
p
= 0.024,
n
= 28) in subjects with AD but not in nonAD controls (
r
Treg|totalTau
=
−0.51,
p
= 0.007,
n
= 26). The increase of circulating CD3
+
CD8
−
IL-17A
+
IFNγ
−
Th17 cells in the early stages of AD and the association of CD4
+
CD127
low
CD25
+
T
regs
with neurodegeneration marker Tau may indicate that the adaptive immune system relates to neuropathological changes in AD. |
---|---|
ISSN: | 1664-3224 1664-3224 |
DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01213 |