Probing Ultrafast Dynamics of Ferroelectrics by Time‐Resolved Pump‐Probe Spectroscopy

Ferroelectric materials have been a key research topic owing to their wide variety of modern electronic and photonic applications. For the quick exploration of higher operating speed, smaller size, and superior efficiencies of novel ferroelectric devices, the ultrafast dynamics of ferroelectrics that directly reflect their respond time and lifetimes have drawn considerable attention. Driven by time‐resolved pump‐probe spectroscopy that allows for probing, controlling, and modulating dynamic processes of ferroelectrics in real‐time, much research efforts have been made to understand and exploit the ultrafast dynamics of ferroelectric. Herein, the current state of ultrafast dynamic features of ferroelectrics tracked by time‐resolved pump‐probe spectroscopy is reviewed, which includes ferroelectrics order parameters of polarization, lattice, spin, electronic excitation, and their coupling. Several potential perspectives and possible further applications combining ultrafast pump‐probe spectroscopy and ferroelectrics are also presented. This review offers a clear guidance of ultrafast dynamics of ferroelectric orders, which may promote the rapid development of next‐generation devices. In this review, the ultrafast dynamic features of ferroelectrics, including polarization, lattice, spin, electronic excitation, and their coupling, tracing by time‐resolved pump‐probe spectroscopy are systematically discussed and summarized. The various potential perspectives on ultrafast pump‐probe spectroscopy and the additional nondestructive functionality for ultrafast ferroelectric device design are also presented.