Spray nozzles, working pressures and use of adjuvant in reduction of 2,4-D herbicide spray drift

[...]the pressure increase not only increases the flow and number of droplets produced, but also decreases the diameter of these droplets, making the spray jet more susceptible to evaporative losses and/or transport by wind. [...]depending on the application conditions, it can generate drift (Boller and Raetano, 2011). [...]the effect of adjuvants on the physicochemical characteristics of the spray solution depends on their chemical composition and interaction with the applied pesticide (Cunha et al., 2017). [...]the objective of this work is to analyze the combination of nozzle models, working pressures, and adjuvant in reducing the drift of 2,4-D. The wires were placed in transparent plastic bags containing 50 mL of distilled water and agitated for 30 s. Then, the solutions obtained from washing the wires were analyzed in a digital spectrophotometer (Visible Spectrophotometer - Model Evolution 300 UV) at a wavelength of 630 nm and band detection of bright blue (Palladini et al., 2005). A calibration curve was plotted with eight known concentrations of the spray solution containing the dye (Figure 1). [...]the concentration of the dye in grams per liter was determined in each sample collected in the wind tunnel.