Association of Complement C3 with Clinical Deterioration Among Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19
The role of the complement system in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum complement C3 levels, clinical worsening, and risk of death in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Data were collected from 216 adults with COV...
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Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of general medicine 2022-01, Vol.15, p.849-857 |
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Zusammenfassung: | The role of the complement system in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum complement C3 levels, clinical worsening, and risk of death in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Data were collected from 216 adults with COVID-19 admitted to a designated clinical center in Wuhan Union Hospital (China) between February 13, 2020, and February 29, 2020. Their complement C3 levels were measured within 24 h of admission. The primary outcome was a clinical worsening of 2 points on a 6-point ordinal scale. The secondary outcome was all-causes of death. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis was conducted to adjust for the baseline confounders.
The median value of C3 was 0.89 (interquartile range, 0.78-1.01) g/L. Clinical worsening occurred in 12.3% (7/57) and 2.5% (4/159) of patients with baseline C3 levels < and ≥0.79 g/L, respectively (hazard ratio [HR], 5.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53-17.86). After IPTW adjustment, the risk for clinical worsening was 4-fold greater (weighted HR, 4.61; 95% CI, 1.16-18.4) in patients with C3 levels less than 0.79 g/L comparatively. The sensitivity analyses revealed the robustness of the results. No significant associations between C3 levels and death were observed on unadjusted (HR, 2.92; 95% CI, 0.73-11.69) and IPTW analyses (weighted HR, 3.78; 95% CI, 0.84-17.04).
Low complement C3 levels are associated with a higher risk for clinical worsening among inpatients with COVID-19. The serum C3 levels may contribute to the identification of patient populations that could benefit from therapeutic complement inhibition. |
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ISSN: | 1178-7074 1178-7074 |
DOI: | 10.2147/IJGM.S348519 |