Differentiation and Function of T Cell Subsets in Infectious Diseases

Since γδ T cells are involved in the elimination of pathogens, this cell type might have promising implications for the treatment of infectious diseases in preclinical studies. Y. Zhu et al. demonstrated that the administration of pioglitazone, which is an agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- (PPAR-) γ, reduces splenic and hepatic immunopathogenesis in Schistosoma japonicum-infected mice through inducing Treg cells. [...]PPAR-γagonist can promote Foxp3 expression through both macrophage-dependent and independent manners. R. C. Araújo et al. detected an increased level of human leukocyte antigen E (HLA-E) in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells of HCV patients compared with that in health people. Since HLA-E can bind and present peptides to antigen-specific CD8+ T cells, it may play a role in regulating T cell activation in HCV patients.