Editorial: Stem Cell-Based Therapy in Retinal Degeneration

According to the method and mechanism, it can be divided into three aspects: trophic support microenvironment, integration, and disease model establishment. Stem Cell Integration The advanced stages of RD is characterized by the massive loss of retinal neurons, therefore, the direct use of stem cells to replace the injured neurons is also a research hotspot (Nazari et al., 2015). Zeng et al. found that in the early development stage of human retina, Particulate Matter (PM2.5) exposure may inhibit cellular proliferation, increase cellular apoptosis and trigger mis-location of neurons through MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways, resulting in abnormal development of human retina in hESC-derived retinal organoids.