Prognostic factors for perioperative myocardial infarction and immediate mortality in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery

Introduction: Coronary artery bypass surgery is one of the mainstays of treatment in ischemic heart disease. Objective: To identify factors that influence the occurrence of perioperative myocardial infarction and early cardiac mortality in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Method: A prospective cohort study was performed at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, “Cardiocentro del Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Hermanos Ameijeiras” from March 2012 to August 2014. The sample consisted of 231 consecutive patients who met the inclusion criteria. The response variables were: sudden cardiac death early cardiac mortality and acute perioperative myocardial infarction. Results: Age, body mass index, prolonged surgical time (p=0.023) and complications (p=0.009) were the variables independently associated with the occurrence of perioperative infarction. Odds ratio, adjusted for age and body mass index were lower than 1. According to adjusted odds ratio, variables of most influence on mortality were the presence of complications (3.753; p=0.017), prolonged surgical time (2.690; p=0.002) and low preoperative glomerular filtration rate (2.112; p=0.036). Conclusions: Older age and higher body mass index were protective prognostic factors for perioperative acute myocardial infarction events. Prolonged surgical time and complications were independently associated with perioperative infarction and mortality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Low preoperative glomerular filtration rate was also associated with mortality.