Preoperative Malnutrition-Associated Spinal Malalignment with Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: A 2-Year Follow-Up Study

Introduction: Malnutrition could lead to additional medical complications, and the prognostic nutrition index (PNI) is evaluated to assess the nutritional status of patients. However, the midterm postoperative outcomes of malnutrition in patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD) are unclear. This study aims to investigate postoperative midterm spinal alignment and patients' reported outcome measures (PROMs) in malnourished patients with ASD.Methods: This study recruited 303 ASD patients who underwent surgery. Adult patients ≥50 years old were categorized into the PNI