Histomorphology spectrum of gall bladder pathology in cholecystectomy specimens with clinical diagnosis of chronic cholecystitis

Chronic cholecystitis is a common disease in surgery where majority of cholecystectomy are performed. This study was carried out to see histomorphological pattern of gallbladder diseases, staining pattern with various stains and prevalence of carcinoma. This prospective study was conducted in the department of Pathology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal from January to December 2008. A minimum of fifty random samples were included in study. Clinical details and pathological data were retrieved from case sheets and patient's history. All specimens were fixed in 10% formalin. Three sections each from neck, body and fundus were taken. Tissues were processed in an automated tissue processor and paraffin blocks made. The tissue sections were examined under light microscope after hematoxylin-eosin, neutral mucin, sulfated mucin and sialomucin stain. Chronic cholecystitis without cholelithiasis constituted majority of 25(50.0%) cases with M:F of 1:7.1. The gastric and intestinal metaplasias were present in 33.0% and 8.0% of the cases respectively. The neutral, sulfated and sailomucin were positive in 35.0%, 21.0%, 1.0% and 34.0%, 21.0%, 1.0% cases respectively in gastric and intestinal metaplasia. Both gastric and intestinal metaplasia showed significant p-value on sulfated mucin. The increase risk factors for developing of chronic cholecystitis were seen in female gender (86%). The gastric and intestinal metaplasia showed positivity more with neutral followed by sulfated mucin.