Predictive value of clinical characteristics on risk and prognosis of synchronous brain metastases in small‐cell lung cancer patients: A population‐based study

Background Patients with small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) have a high incidence of synchronous brain metastases (SBM) and a poor prognosis, which causes a heavy burden of morbidity and mortality. A better understanding of the demographic and tumor‐specific characteristics of these patients is critical to guiding clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive and prognostic value of the clinical characteristics of SCLC patients with SBM at initial diagnosis. Methods This is a retrospective study based on the data in the latest Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) version which was released in 2021 for patients diagnosed with SCLC in the presence or absence of SBM from 2010 to 2018. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of the presence of SBM at the initial diagnosis. Kaplan–Meier curves and multivariable Cox regression models were built to compare the prognosis of patients with different clinical characteristics and treatments. Results A total of 33,169 SCLC patients were enrolled in this study, including 5711 (17.2%) patients with SBM and 27,458 (82.8%) patients without SBM. Patients who are black(HR = 1.313, 95% CI = 1.167–1.478, p