Sustainable Solid Waste Management: Socio-economic Considerations

In the present study, recent socio-economic aspects in solid waste management (SWM) are discussed. This manuscript considers economic viability and public support as the key factors for the implementation of SWM schemes, along with technological advancement and ecological impact. This holistic approach links society, economy and the environment, towards a sustainable development. The significance of economic issues to accelerate the implementation of innovative environmental technologies is broadly recognized, and economic drivers are considered critical parameters for policy-makers to develop effective strategies. Also, the study of social perceptions and attitudes can provide an insight into several factors that affect the shaping of public awareness on environmental actions. Much work has been reported that points out the role of relevant social and economic research for detailed plans to enhance public acceptance of emerging technologies balanced with cost-effectiveness. SWM appears to be a complicated procedure involving multiple environmental and socio-economic criteria. The influence of socio-economic status on both the quantity and composition of municipal solid waste in designing an effective SWM plan has long been recognized, and the importance of reliable information has been highlighted. Various socio-economic factors influence the recycling behavior and the willingness to pay for the introduction of recycling actions into SWM services. Decision-making in specifying realistic policy objectives and operational measures and alternatives to find appropriate solutions to SWM problems is crucial. The transition from a traditional SWM scheme to a more integrated approach often requires the encouragement of the participation of multiple stakeholders in the society: government, municipalities, industries, experts, and certainly the public. Conclusively, social acceptance and awareness should be considered along with economic issues and the evaluation of environmental impacts, to ensure the efficient implementation of sustainable SWM actions.