Helicobacter pylori infection is not an independent risk factor of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in China

The role of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains controversial. The exact relationship requires further investigation. This study aimed to determine the association between them in China. A retrospective study was conducted on 71,633 participants who underwent physical examinations. C urea breath test ( C-UBT) was conducted to detect H. pylori infection, and ultrasonography was used to detect NAFLD. Body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), and triglyceride (TG) levels were higher in participants with H. pylori infection than in those without H. pylori infection. While the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) for participants with H. pylori infection was lower than without H. pylori infection (P