Peritoneal-directed chimeric oncolytic virus CF17 prevents malignant ascites and improves survival in gastric cancer peritoneal metastases

Gastric cancer (GC) peritoneal metastasis (PM) is fatal without effective therapy. We investigated CF17, a new replication-competent chimeric poxvirus, against GC cell lines in vitro and PM in an aggressive GCPM mouse model. We performed viral proliferation and cytotoxicity assays on intestinal-type and diffuse-type human GC cell lines following CF17 treatment. At lower MOIs of 0.01, 0.1, there was >80% killing in most cell lines, while in the more aggressive cell lines, killing was seen at higher MOIs of 1.0 and 10.0. We observed reduced peritoneal tumor burden and prolonged survival with intraperitoneal (i.p.) CF17 treatment in nude mice implanted with the resistant GC cell line. At day 91 after treatment, seven of eight mice were alive in the CF17-treated group vs. one of eight mice in the control group. CF17 treatment inhibited ascites formation (0% vs. 62.5% with PBS). Thus, CF17 efficiently infected, replicated in, and killed GC cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner in vitro. In vivo, i.p. CF17 treatment exhibited robust antitumor activity against an aggressive GCPM model to decrease tumor burden, improve survival, and prevent ascites formation. These preclinical results inform the design of future clinical trials of CF17 for peritoneal-directed therapy in GCPM patients. [Display omitted] Woo and colleagues show that CF17 killed >80% of most human gastric cancer (GC) cell lines tested. Intraperitoneal CF17 treatment decreased tumor burden and improved survival in an aggressive GC peritoneal metastasis (PM) xenograft mouse model. These results show the strong potential of CF17 in peritoneal-directed therapy of GCPM patients.