Trees of Panama: A complete checklist with every geographic range

Background Central America is one of the most diverse floristic provinces in the world, but comprehensive plant lists for the region are incomplete and need frequent updating. Full geographic ranges of individual species are seldom known. Our detailed forest inventory plots of Panama thus lack a global geographic perspective. In order to provide one, we assembled a thoroughly vetted checklist of all tree species of Panama, along with an estimate of each one’s range size based on published specimen records. Results 1) Panama has 3043 tree species in 141 families and 752 genera; 57.6% were ≥ 10 m tall and 16.9% were 3-5 m tall.2) The widest ranges were >1.5×10 7 km 2 , covering the entire neotropics and reaching >30 ∘ latitude; 12.4% of the species had ranges exceeding 10 7 km 2 . The median range was 6.9×10 5 km 2 .3) At the other extreme, 16.2% of the species had a range