BIOFERTILIZERS AND BIOCONTROLLERS AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO THE USE OF CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS AND FUNGICIDES IN THE PROPAGATION OF YERBA MATE BY MINI-CUTTINGS
ABSTRACT The production of yerba mate seedlings through seeds has several limitations, which can be overcome by ex vitro vegetative propagation techniques such as the mini-cuttings, in which it is usually necessary to use synthetic chemical fertilizers and fungicides. However, there is a tendency to...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Revista árvore 2019-01, Vol.43 (4) |
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Zusammenfassung: | ABSTRACT The production of yerba mate seedlings through seeds has several limitations, which can be overcome by ex vitro vegetative propagation techniques such as the mini-cuttings, in which it is usually necessary to use synthetic chemical fertilizers and fungicides. However, there is a tendency towards sustainable agriculture, using biofertilizers (growth-promoting bacteria) and biocontrollers (Trichoderma sp.). Therefore, the objectives of this work were to evaluate the effect of biofertilizers on the production of mini-cuttings from yerba mate mini-stumps; as well as the effect, of biocontrollers on survival and rooting capacity of mini-cuttings. Strains of Bacillus sp. and Trichoderma asperelloides of yerba mate were used under two radiation conditions. There was a positive relationship between the availability of radiation and the production of mini-cuttings and the rooting capacity. All the mini-stumps sprouted regardless of treatments. The largest production of viable mini-cuttings occurred in a situation of high radiation and fertilization; while the treatments with growth-promoting bacteria and high radiation had intermediate values. The mini-cuttings inoculated with Trichoderma asperelloides had higher rooting percentage, greater number and length of roots than the mini-cuttings treated with fungicide. Therefore, we demonstrated that the use of chemical products can be replaced by biological ones and achieves acceptable yields.
RESUMO A produção de mudas de erva-mate através de sementes tem várias limitações, que podem ser superadas por técnicas de propagação vegetativa ex vitro, como miniestacas, nas quais geralmente é necessário o uso de fertilizantes químicos sintéticos e fungicidas. Portanto, há uma tendência para a agricultura sustentável, usando biofertilizantes (bactérias promotoras de crescimento) e biocontroladores (Trichoderma sp.). Portanto, os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar o efeito dos biofertilizantes na produção de miniestacas a partir de minicepas de erva-mate; bem como o efeito dos biocontroladores na sobrevivência e na capacidade de enraizamento de miniestacas. Bacillus sp. e Trichoderma asperelloides de erva-mate foram utilizados sob duas condições de radiação. Houve uma relação positiva entre a disponibilidade de radiação e a produção de miniestacas e a capacidade de enraizamento. Todos os minicepas brotaram independentemente dos tratamentos. A maior produção de miniestacas viáveis ocorreu em uma situação de alta radi |
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ISSN: | 0100-6762 1806-9088 1806-9088 |
DOI: | 10.1590/1806-90882019000400012 |