A study of the transformation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells by interferon-gamma

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exist in almost all tissues. Their unique nature is completed by their immunomodulatory functions, holding promise for the treatment of many diseases. An inflammatory environment precedes the immunosuppressive abilities of MSCs and this study was intended to better understand how umbilical cord MSCs (UCMSCs) react to the process of inflammation, regarding their basic characteristics and behavior when primed with the key pro-inflammatory cytokine, Interferon-γ (IFNγ). Human MSCs from the umbilical cord were isolated, expanded, and treated with IFNγ. Primed cells were analyzed to define their ability to form colonies, their morphology, differentiation potential, proliferation, and apoptosis rate. UCMSCs treated with IFNγ changed their fibroblast-like morphology and retained the expression of typical MSCs markers. IFNγ treated UCMSCs had significantly higher MFI levels regarding the expression of HLA-I (980.43 ± 556.64) and PD-L1 (598.04 ± 416.90) compared with the control cells (144.97 ± 78.5 and 122.05 ± 103.83, respectively;