Improving the detection of Helicobacter pylori in biopsies of chronic gastritis: a comparative analysis of H E, methylene blue, Warthin-Starry, immunohistochemistry, and quantum dots immunohistochemistry

ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to compare the consistency of various staining methods, including H&E, Methylene Blue, Warthin-Starry (W-S), Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Quantum dots immunohistochemistry (QDs-IHC), in detecting Helicobacter pylori (HP) in cases of mild, moderate and severe chronic gastritis.MethodsBiopsy samples were obtained from 225 patients with chronic gastritis at the Department of Pathology, Yichang Central People’s Hospital between January 2019 and October 2019. The presence of HP was detected using H&E, Methylene Blue, W-S, IHC, and QDs-IHC.ResultsThe positive rates for HP detection using H&E, Methylene Blue, W-S, IHC, and QDs-IHC were 42.22%, 51.11%, 53.78%, 59.11%, and 58.67%, respectively. In cases of mild chronic gastritis, the consistency of test results between H&E, Methylene Blue, W-S, and QDs-IHC with IHC were Kappa=0.196, P=0.033, Kappa=0.706, P