Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the orbit in a child

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in children and frequently involves the head and neck region with 10% of the cases primarily involving the orbit. It is a highly malignant tumor which can be life-threatening. It usually produces a precipitously progressing unilateral proptosis of sudden onset. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are important in the evaluation of this tumor. Histologically, embryonal subtype is most common in children. Complete resection followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the preferred treatment of choice. We are reporting here a case of the embryonal RMS of orbit presenting with rapid proptosis of the right eye in a 14-month-old male child.