Development and Validation of a RNA Binding Protein-Associated Prognostic Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Background: Dysregulation of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) has been identified in multiple malignant tumors correlated with tumor progression and occurrence. However, the function of RBPs is not well understood in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: The RNA sequence data of HCC was extracted out of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and different RBPs were calculated between regular and cancerous tissue. The study explored the expression and predictive value of the RBPs systemically with a series of bioinformatic analyzes. Results: A total of 330 RBPs, including 208 up-regulated and 122 down-regulated RBPs, were classified differently. Four RBPs (MRPL54, EZH2, PPARGC1A, EIF2AK4) were defined as the forecast related hub gene and used to construct a model for prediction. Further study showed that the high-risk subgroup is poor survived (OS) compared to the model-based low-risk subgroup. The area of the prognostic model under the time-dependent receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve is 0.814 in TCGA training group and 0.729 in validation group, indicating a strong prognostic model. We also created a predictive nomogram and a web-based calculator (https://dxyjiang.shinyapps.io/RBPpredict/) based on the 4 RBPs and internal validation in the TCGA cohort, which displayed a beneficial predictive ability for HCC. Conclusions: Our results provide new insights into HCC pathogenesis. The 4-RBP gene signature showed a reliable HCC prediction ability with possible applications in therapeutic decision making and personalized therapy.