Exploring Interleukin-10 Levels in Diabetes Patients with and without Oral Diseases: A Systematic Review

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a cytokine that plays an important role in the progression of diabetes mellitus (DM). Oral diseases were more common in diabetics than in non-diabetics. The aim of this review is to identify IL-10 levels in diabetic patients with and without oral diseases. A systematic review was conducted based on the PRISMA guidelines. Three databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct) were used to search for articles up to November 2023 for studies on the measurement of IL-10 in diabetics with and without oral disease. The criteria were limited to human studies and full-text in English only. The outcome was the value of IL-10. The study was quality-graded using the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Non-randomized Studies (RoBANS). There were eleven articles that met the eligibility criteria for analysis. Four articles discovered higher IL-10 levels, while seven articles discovered lower IL-10 levels in diabetes patients with oral diseases compared with each control group. Most studies showed lower IL-10 levels in diabetic patients with oral diseases compared with the control group.