Identifying key risk factors for acute compartment syndrome in tibial diaphysis fracture patients

Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a severe orthopedic issue that, if left untreated, can result in lasting nerve and muscle damage or even necessitate amputation. The association between admission laboratory blood test indicators and the occurrence of ACS in patients with tibial diaphysis fractures is currently a subject of debate. The objective of this research was to identify the contributing factors for ACS in individuals suffering from tibial diaphysis fractures. In this retrospective study, we collected data on a total of 705 individuals from our hospital, comprising 86 ACS patients and 619 non-ACS patients with tibial diaphysis fractures. These participants were categorized into two distinct groups: the ACS group and the non-ACS group. Despite the inherent limitations associated with retrospective analyses, such as potential biases in data collection and interpretation, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of demographics, comorbidities, and admission lab results. Our analytical approach included univariate analysis, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis techniques, aiming to mitigate these limitations and provide robust findings. The statistical analysis revealed several predictors of ACS, including gender (p = 0.011, OR = 3.200), crush injuries (p = 0.004, OR = 4.622), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) levels (p