Lateral and Axial Displacement of 2×2 Pile Group Under One-way Lateral Cyclic Loading in Sandy Soil

This paper presents the lateral static and cyclic response of a group of piles. The experimental program included this on a small scale using hollow piles of aluminium, and the sand rain method was employed to prepare the sandy soil with a 70% relative density. The case study is a laboratory model of a pile group 2x2 with spacing (i.e., 3D,5D, and 7D), and the proportion of embedded length to circular pile diameter (L/D) = 43. Different lateral cyclic loading ratios CLR of 60%, 80%, and 100% from pile group capacity are used. According to the experiments' results, the vertical and lateral piles' capacity and displacement are greatly impacted by the cyclic-loading variables, which include the number of cycles and the cyclic-load ratio. It can be concluded that when increases in CLR usually influence on pile group performance, and the lateral displacement increasing up to 66% for closely spaced piles. The pile group spacing affects the uplift displacement; the highest reach value (4.7mm) upward is 7D.