Vitamin D supplementation can improve the 28-day mortality rate in patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury

Vitamin D levels are generally lower in septic patients and are associated with poor prognosis. Observational studies suggest improved renal recovery in acute kidney injury (AKI) patients with increased vitamin D levels. Still, large RCTs did not show significant clinical benefits, possibly due to the limited number of sepsis or AKI patients included. This study aimed to examine the impact of vitamin D supplementation on 28-day all-cause mortality in patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI). A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the MIMIC-IV (v2.0) database, which included 18,713 ICU patients with S-AKI. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to adjust for confounding factors, and multivariate Cox regression was employed to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Patient survival and clinical characteristics will be assessed utilizing Kaplan-Meier curves, with comparisons conducted using the log-rank test. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed significant differences in survival between the groups. Multivariate Cox regression indicated a reduced risk of 28-day mortality associated with vitamin D supplementation (HR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.67-0.80,