Topography and microstructural organization of lymphoid formations associated with pig intestinal mucosa

The study of the dynamics of the area of the lymphoid formations of the intestine was carried out using the technique of total staining by Helman. The topographic, macrostructural and microstructural features of lymphoid formations associated with the intestinal mucous membranes of neonatal and mammary piglets and the absolute and relative area of lymphoid formations in pigs of different ages were determined. It is established that the intestinal lymphoid tissue of piglets is diffusely located cells of the lymphoid row and their layers in the form of clusters of diffuse lymphoid tissue, lymph nodes are grouped in the small intestine and are solitary in thickness. The microscopic structure of the aggregated nodules is characterized by the presence of group lymphoepithelial nodules and diffuse lymphocytic-tissue complex associated with the structural components of the submucosa and mucous membrane. The lymph nodes are located in the submucosal base, and their dome is in its own lining of the mucosa. The structure of the lymphoid nodule includes cells of the lymphoid row, and the dome zone contacts the structural components of the interstitial diffuse lymphocytic-tissue complex. In lymphoid tissue, lighter areas are found – herminative reproduction centers, where cells are more loose. The number of these centers throughout the gut is unevenly distributed. Intestinal associated lymphoid tissue in piglets during morphogenesis has its own topographic features. Most lymphoid tissue in the small intestine is in the ileum, especially in its caudal region, and in the thick in the colon, where the number of lymphoid formations increases proportionally in the caudal direction. In the empty gut, the largest area of lymphoid formations also occurs in the caudal region. The patterns of lymphoid tissue formation during postnatal ontogeny can be useful in developing optimal vaccination time for piglets, drawing up treatment regimens and methods for the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases.