Effect of pre-treatment with Raffinose Oligosaccharide and Pediococcus acidilactici bacteria on some hematological indices of goldfish (Carassius auratus) exposed to silver nanoparticles

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of pre-treatment of bacteria Pediococcus acidilactici and oligosaccharide raffinose on hematological indices of Goldfish (Carassius auratus) during exposure to nanosilver. Accordingly, 300 fish were fed for 6 weeks in four treatments. After the end of the feeding period, 50% of the lethal nano-silver concentration (0.5 mg/L) was added to the treatments for the 14-day exposure, and blood sampling was performed. Neutrophil, monocyte and RBC indices did not differ significantly in treatments (P>0.05), but the number of white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, eosinophil were significantly different with the control group in different treatments (P