The Incidence of Agenesis of Third Molars in Children in the Olomouc Region

Aim of the study: Third molars have a special position in dentition. The reasons of this are extreme deviations in the developmental process, together with frequent agenesis of third molar. Their absence is considered normal very often. This paper aims to investigate the epidemiology of agenesis of third molars in children in the Olomouc Region, to compare its frequency in boys and girls, to determine the prevalence of agenesis of third molars of different localization, to compare its frequency in upper and lower jaw and in right and left side and to make comparisons with Rozkovcová et al. study. Material and methods: The study was conducted from 1. 10. 2010 to 1. 2. 2013 at the Pediatric department of Institute of Dentistry and Oral Sciences of Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry of Palacký University Olomouc. It included boys and girls aged between 12 and 19 years. Clinical and radiographical evaluations were carried out. Age, gender, systemic diseases, syndromes, number and localization of missing third molars were recorded. Results: We worked with two groups of probands. The first consisted of 218 children aged between 12 and 19 years, the second consisted of 175 probands aged between 13 and 19 years. In the first, agenesis of third molars was found in 62 patients, the prevalence was set at 28.44%. In the second, agenesis of third molars was found in 52 patients, the prevalence was set at 29.71%. The difference between the values was not statistically significant. The majority of patient didn't have only one or two third molars. Most often missed upper left third molar. In our group of patients, who had agenesis of one to four third molars, we found a significantly higher prevalence of agenesis of other teeth, than in patients with established all four third molars. Conclusion: The two-year study showed the prevalence of agenesis of third molars in boys and girls in Olomouc region at present. The results were compared with epidemiological investigations published by Rozkovcová et al. Most of the results were not significantly different.