Mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis presenting with insidious back pain in a male adult: a case report and review of the literature

Mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis (MTL) is mostly observed in primary tuberculosis in infants, children and adolescents, and is not found commonly in adults. Mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis cases may present with an insidious progression of tuberculous symptoms, including gradual deterioration in the lungs and a variety of clinical characteristics; however, initial symptoms are rarely only chronic back pain. We present the case of a 33-year-old man with mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis misdiagnosed as myofascitis. Since such individuals do not develop respiratory symptoms in the initial stages, they often go undiagnosed and can potentially spread tuberculosis.