A review of challenges and opportunities in micropillar compression studies in Mg alloys

•First attempt in reviewing micropillar compression of Mg and its alloys.•Size and shape of pillars significantly affect mechanical behavior.•Novel deformation mechanisms can be observed.•Alloying elements concentration increases CRSS values.•Feasibility of quantifying precipitate particle mechanical properties. This review paper provides an overview of the micropillar compression technique as applied to magnesium (Mg) and its alloys. It explores the influence of various factors, such as pillar size, shape, temperature, and strain rate on the mechanical properties of Mg. Additionally, the impact of alloying elements, aging, and precipitates in Mg alloys has been extensively examined, revealing their significant influence on mechanical performance. The study highlights the strength and strain hardening improvements in Mg with decreasing pillar size in micropillar compression. Furthermore, the role of precipitates as strengthening agents, affecting deformation mechanisms and overall mechanical response, is explored. These valuable insights are crucial for designing Mg-based materials with enhanced mechanical properties for advanced engineering applications.