The impact of higher education on political development; a comparative study in Iran and Turkey

Abstract The aim of this research is to compare the effect of higher education on political development in the two countries of Iran and Turkey in 2022-2023. In terms of purpose and nature, this research is in the category of applicable research; and in terms of method, it is descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the research includes experts and specialists in higher education and political development, and a purposeful sampling method was used to sample this population. Finally, 18 experts participated in this research and completed the valid researcher-made questionnaire. The findings of the research showed that in several factors, the higher education system has a significant effect on political development at the 0.01 level: Policy making and planning for the development of higher education, internationalization of higher education, using the experiences of developed countries in higher education management, training of expert staff and improving the level of knowledge and literacy in society through higher education, knowledge production in the education system. higher education, commercialization of university ideas in the higher education system and university's relationship with industry and society, innovation system in higher education, technological innovations, development of educational technology, independence of universities, culture building and citizenship education. Also, based on this research, some of the components of higher education affecting political development in Turkey have a more favorable situation than in the Islamic Republic of Iran: using the experiences of developed countries in managing higher education, training specialist staff, and improving the level of knowledge and literacy in society through higher education, knowledge production in the higher education system, commercialization of university ideas in the higher education system and the relationship between the university and industry and society, the innovation system in higher education, technological innovations, the development of educational technology and the independence of universities. In this article, the reason for the difference between the models of the two countries has been investigated. Extended abstract Introduction With the introduction of the element of knowledge as the main source and capital of universities, a new window has been opened in the administration of affairs and management of organizations. Today, the online presence of