Effect of multicomponent interventions on tuberculosis notification in mining and pastoralist districts of Oromia region in Ethiopia: a longitudinal quasi-experimental study

ObjectiveTo demonstrate the impact of interventions on tuberculosis (TB) case detection in mining and pastoralist districts in southeastern Ethiopia over a 10-year period.DesignLongitudinal quasi-experimental study.SettingHealth centres and hospitals in six mining districts implemented interventions and seven nearby districts functioned as controls.ParticipantsData from the national District Health Information System (DHIS-2) were used for this study; therefore, people did not participate in this study.InterventionsDirected at training, active case finding and improving treatment outcomes.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimarily, trends in TB case notification and percentage of bacteriologically confirmed TB—as collected by DHIS-2—between pre-intervention (2012–2015) and post-intervention (2016–2021) were analysed. Secondarily, post-intervention was split into early post-intervention (2016–2018) and late post-intervention (2019–2021) to also study the long-term effects of the intervention.ResultsFor all forms of TB, case notification significantly increased between pre-intervention and early post-intervention (incidence rate ratio (IRR): 1.21, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.31; p