Multi Omics Analysis Revealed a Resistance Mechanism of Tibetan Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L., Qingke) Infected by Ustilago hordei

Tibetan barley ( L., qingke) is the principal cereal cultivated on Tibet. causing covered smut is a serious disease that limits the yield of qingke. Here, based on multi omics study including metabolome, proteome and transcriptome, we show that during infection, primary metabolisms such as carbohydrate, amino acid, and lipids were significantly changed. Jasmonic acid, which perform as a biotic stress signaler, was significantly repressed, and related genes or proteins also showed different expression in infected qingke. In addition, other defense-related compounds such as riboflavin, ascorbic acid, and protease inhibitors were also detected in omics data. Our results revealed a preliminary biological profile of qingke infected by and provide a resource for further research.