Research Progress of Common Rehabilitation Training Methods in Mild Cognitive Impairment

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transition state between normal aging and dementia, in which a person is still able to be independent in daily activities, but memory and logical thinking skills may have a distinctly decline. In clinical practice, MCI has a high risk of progressing to dementia, so early treatment of MCI is crucial in delaying the onset and progression to dementia. Drug treatment is now the primary approach for MCI, but long-term drug treatment can lead to strong addictive tendencies and produce toxic side effects. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to explore effective rehabilitation training methods. Rehabilitation training for MCI patients mainly includes cognitive training, aerobic exercise, non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS), and hyperbaric oxygen therapy, etc. Cognitive training is a kind of continuous stimulation of patients through multi-task combined pattern to rebuild the neural network in the brain so as to improve cognitive function. This intervention has been widely sought after by patients for its effectiveness in cognitive rehabilitation. Aerobic exercise is a kind of daily training mode, which aims to increase the perfusion of patients' brain tissue through the coordination of muscle groups, improve patients' reaction ability and cognitive function. Its training method is close to life which makes it easily accepted by patients. NIBS is an emerging technology characterized by simplicity and safety. It uses external devices to connect with the cerebral cortical areas and activate the corresponding functions in the brain, thereby improving cognitive function. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a relatively mature treatment method, which uses atmospheric pressure difference to effectively improve the oxygen content in brain tissue and blood flow, thereby stabilizing and controlling the blood oxygen saturation. It also has a significant therapeutic effect on brain tissue injury in MCI patients. Rehabilitation training has gradually caught the eye of the public due to its high safety and simple operation in clinical practice. Therefore, the common rehabilitation training methods have been summarized and generalized which could provide certain references for the development of clinical treatment programs.