Bionanotechnology and its applications: The plurality of science is fundamental for the search for solutions

Over the years, science and technology have enabled improvement in various sectors of society through the development of products, services, and applications. Despite the tremendous scientific development, it is necessary to understand and pay attention to the environmental, social, and clinical consequences generated by developing a new product and service. Bionanotechnology emerges as a multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary science capable of presenting strategies based on sustainability and biocompatibility with living beings. Therefore, it seeks to solve, with plurality, the emerging problems through manipulating matter at atomic and molecular scales and its application in biological systems. One of the bionanotechnological alternatives that this review will address is the use of nanoparticles synthesized from natural extracts with various applications that can solve emerging problems on the planet, such as the excessive use of agrochemicals, resistant pathogenic microorganisms, the misuse of natural resources and improper disposal of plastics. This review aims to present bionanotechnology as a strategy for sustainable development in emerging problems in health, agriculture, and maintaining biodiversity and population problems. •Bionanotechnology as a strategy to meet the objectives of sustainable development.•Nanoparticles act to combat pathogenic microorganisms in medicine and agriculture.•Nanobiocomposites can be a sustainable solution to reducing the use of plastics.•Nanomaterials can act as sensors, fertilizers, drug distributors, and soil remediation.•Nanomaterials biosynthesized from plants favor sustainable development.