The promotion of pooling level of basic medical insurance and participants' health: impact effects and mediating mechanisms

Enhancing the pooling of basic medical insurance plays a vital role in strengthening the resilience to risk and co-payment capacity of medical insurance funds. In China, there is a concerted effort to shift from municipal to provincial pooling of medical insurance. While existing research suggests that provincial pooling of basic health insurance affects the health of participants, the findings are not yet consistent, and there is limited research on the specific pathways of impact between the two. Therefore, this study aims to explore the influence of provincial pooling of basic medical insurance on participants' health and analyze the mediating role of medical cost burden and medical service utilization. Using data from the 2012-2018 China Labor Dynamics Survey (CLDS), this study focuses on a sample of urban workers enrolled in basic medical insurance. After excluding samples with missing information, a total of 5,684 participants were included in the analysis. The effects of the provincial pooling policy of basic medical insurance on participants' medical cost burden, medical service utilization, and health were analyzed using double difference modeling. Furthermore, structural equation modeling was employed to explore the mediating paths between provincial pooling and health. The findings reveal that provincial pooling of basic medical insurance significantly impacts participants' medical cost burden, medical service utilization, and health. Specifically, provincial pooling helps reduce the participants' medical cost burden (β = -0.1205; P