Analysis of security and privacy challenges of smart health and sensing systems

•The paper thoroughly analyses security threats and privacy issues in smart health systems developed by researchers.•The study discusses various threats that can lead to the disclosure of sensitive patient health data from sensors to communication networks.•An analytical summary and recommended security and privacy requirements are presented to mitigate these threats in smart health sensing systems.•The paper suggests applying an integrated security framework to enhance the robustness and efficiency of health management and monitoring systems. The sensor, as the primary element, is regarded as playing a crucial role in smart health systems. Various parameters of human health are capable of being sensed by it. The integration of medical and biosensors with wireless or wired communication networks is recognized as a key feature of smart health services. However, one of the major challenges faced by this system is the security and privacy of patient health data, which is considered vulnerable to local intruders and cyber attackers. In this paper, a comprehensive analysis of the security threats and privacy issues associated with different smart health systems developed by researchers is presented. A detailed discussion about the various threats that can lead to the disclosure of patient-sensitive health data from the sensor to the communication network is delved into. Additionally, an analytical summary and requirements to eliminate the threats of smart health and sensing systems are proposed. An analysis of many smart health technologies based on the sensing system that monitors patient health in real time is included in the analytical summary. Security and privacy requirements for the smart health sensing system are also recommended, with an integrated security framework being applied to ensure the robustness and efficiency of the health management and monitoring system.