Alteration of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes complicated with cholelithiasis patients

Interestingly, the specific bacteria showing significant differences in the diabetes group were similar to those in the diastone group [Supplementary Figure S2D, http://links.lww.com/CM9/B9]. [...]the tendency of gut microbiota alterations in patients with T2D and cholelithiasis was similar but changes were more severe in patients with T2D and significantly different from those in patients with cholelithiasis. The genus unidentified Enterobacteriaceae and phylum Proteobacteria, which were remarkably increased in the diastone group, form a typical cluster of gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacteria and bacterial family enriched in human opportunistic pathogens. [...]maintaining the homeostasis of the gut microbiota and reducing the abundance of Proteobacteria in patients with T2D may help prevent the occurrence of gallstones. [...]16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing reveals the composition of microbial community species and cannot directly analyze biological functions related to the species classification.