Dynamic Positioning Control of Large Ships in Rough Sea Based on an Improved Closed-Loop Gain Shaping Algorithm

In order to solve the problem of the dynamic positioning control of large ships in rough sea and to meet the need for fixed-point operations, this paper proposes a dynamic positioning controller that can effectively achieve large ships’ fixed-point control during Level 9 sea states (wind force Beaufort No. 10). To achieve a better control effect, a large ship’s forward motion is decoupled to establish a mathematical model of the headwind stationary state. Meanwhile, the closed-loop gain shaping algorithm is combined with the exact feedback linearization algorithm to design the speed controller and the course-keeping controller. This effectively solves the problem of strong external interferences impacting the control system in rough seas and guarantees the comprehensive index of robustness performance. In this paper, three large ships—the “Mariner”, “Taian kou”, and “Galaxy”—are selected as the research objects for simulation research and the final fixing error is less than 10 m. It is proven that the method is safe, feasible, practical, and effective, and provides technical support for the design and development of intelligent marine equipment for use in rough seas.