The potential value of cuprotosis in myocardial immune infiltration that occurs in pediatric congenital heart disease in response to surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

Background Cardiopulmonary bypass may cause malfunction in the myocardium. Cuproptosis is a novel cell death aggregating mitochondrial proteins. However, the research on cardiopulmonary bypass‐caused heart tissue injury in immune infiltration and cuproptosis is limited. Method Immune infiltration, enrichment analysis, protein−protein interaction network, and medication prediction are applied to reanalysis differentially expressed genes and cuproptosis‐related genes in gene expression omnibus data set GSE132176. Results Seven cuproptosis related genes (PDHA1, LIPT1, LIAS, DLST, DLD, DLAT, and DBT) and dendritic cells and Th1 cells are involved in heart tissue injury in response to surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Conclusions Immune infiltration and cuproptosis are potential mechanisms by which cardiopulmonary bypass surgery may cause damage to heart tissue, which may be a new therapeutic target. Figure 8 shows the immune infiltration in the myocardial after cardiopulmonary bypass.