A novel single sensor based fault/branch location method in distribution systems based on combination of game theory and Dijkstra's algorithm

This paper proposes a branch and fault locating method based on traveling wave theory. This method requires only one sensor in the system to detect the fault location. In this method, the distribution system is assumed to be an undirected graph, with the edges and vertices representing the transmission lines and buses. In addition, the weight of each edge equals the length of the line in the system. Dijkstra's algorithm graph determines all the point candidates for fault at that distance as the fault waves enter the sensor. Subsequently, using the game theory, the fault location and branch of the system are identified out the candidate points. The proposed method is compared with other methods, and it has been proved superior in reducing costs, as well as the lack of dependency on the system's structure, the polarity of the fault wave, and the fault type.