Vasculogenic mimicry-related gene prognostic index for predicting prognosis, immune microenvironment in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a highly aggressive cancer associated with higher death rates. However, traditional anti-angiogenic therapies have limited effectiveness due to drug resistance. Vascular mimicry (VM) provides a different way for tumors to develop blood vessels without relyi...
Gespeichert in:
Veröffentlicht in: | Heliyon 2024-08, Vol.10 (16), p.e36235, Article e36235 |
---|---|
Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
Zusammenfassung: | Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a highly aggressive cancer associated with higher death rates. However, traditional anti-angiogenic therapies have limited effectiveness due to drug resistance. Vascular mimicry (VM) provides a different way for tumors to develop blood vessels without relying on endothelial cells or angiogenesis. However, the intricate mechanisms and interplay between it and the immune microenvironment in ccRCC remain unclear.
A PubMed and GeneCards literature review was conducted to identify VM-related genes (VMRGs). VMRGs expression profiles were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), developing a novel VM risk score model and nomogram for ccRCC. The EBI ArrayExpress database (the validation set) was obtained to validate the prognostic model. The relationship between VMRGs risk score clinical characteristics and immune infiltration was investigated. Finally, the expression of six model VMRGs was validated using single-cell analysis, GEPIA, Human Protein Atlas (HPA), and quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).
Cox regression analysis and nomogram identified L1CAM, TEK, CLDN4, EFNA1, SERPINF1, and MALAT1 as independent prognostic risk factors, which could be used to stratify the ccRCC population into two risk groups with distinct immune profiles and responsiveness to immunotherapy. The results of single-cell analysis, GEPIA, HPA, and qRT-PCR validated the model genes’ expression.
Our novel findings constructed a convenient and reliable 6 gene signatures as potential immunologic and prognostic biomarkers of VM in ccRCC.
•The intricate mechanisms and interplay between vascular mimicry (VM) and the tumor microenvironment in ccRCC remain unclear.•Integrated analyses on multi-omics characteristics of VM on tumor microenvironment, immunotherapy, and prognosis.•L1CAM, EFNA1, TEK, CLDN4, SERPINF1, and MALAT1 can serve as potential prognostic biomarkers associated with VM in ccRCC.•A nomogram combining the six-gene signature with clinicopathological parameters was constructed. |
---|---|
ISSN: | 2405-8440 2405-8440 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36235 |