NET-targeted nanoparticles for antithrombotic therapy in pregnancy

Pulmonary embolism caused by deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a major contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality. There is still an unmet need for safe and effective treatment options for DVT during pregnancy. Recent research has shown that neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation plays a very vital role in thrombosis. We created nanoparticles surface-modified by neutrophil elastase (NE)-binding peptide that can target activated neutrophils specifically in vitro and in vivo. Prussian blue nanoparticles (PB NPs) designed in the core scavenges abnormally elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the vascular microenvironment and acts as a photothermal agent to mediate photothermal therapy (PTT) to damage fibrin network structure. Based on the data we have included, this noninvasive therapeutic approach is considered safe for both mothers and the fetus. Furthermore, our findings indicate that this therapeutic approach has a significant alleviation effect on intrauterine growth restriction caused by maternal thrombosis. [Display omitted] •This study focuses on the development of versatile nanoparticles modified with a neutrophil elastase-binding peptide surface, allowing for specific targeting of NET both in vitro and in vivo•The combination of antioxidant activity from PB-NEBP liposomes with photothermal therapy effects shows promise in achieving comprehensive antithrombotic treatment by enabling thrombolysis, scavenging of ROS, and reduction of inflammatory factors•This non-invasive thrombolysis approach is deemed safe for both the mother and fetus, making it a viable strategy for managing pregnancy-related diseases Biomedical discipline; Biomaterials