Broadcast application of ground silicate rocks as potassium sources for grain crops
Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic and economic efficiency of phonolite rock (K2) and alkaline potassium-silicate rock (K3), ground and applied by surface broadcasting, as K sources for the soybean (Glycine max), corn (Zea mays), common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), and u...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Pesquisa agropecuaria brasileira 2022-01, Vol.57 |
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Zusammenfassung: | Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic and economic efficiency of phonolite rock (K2) and alkaline potassium-silicate rock (K3), ground and applied by surface broadcasting, as K sources for the soybean (Glycine max), corn (Zea mays), common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), and upland rice (Oryza sativa) crops. Four experiments – one with each crop – were conducted in two crop years in a Typic Haplorthox in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The treatments consisted of three sources (the KCl standard source, K2, and K3) and four rates (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 times the recommended for each crop) of K. The three sources increased similarly the leaf K concentration of soybean, corn, and common bean but had no effect on that of upland rice. The grain yield of all crops increased with the application of K2 and K3, as observed for KCl. The efficiency of the alternative K sources varies depending on the rate and crop. The K3 source is viable to be applied by broadcasting at the recommended K rate for all studied crops, while K2 is suitable only for soybean, corn, and common bean.
Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as eficiências agronômica e econômica da rocha fonolito (K2) e da rocha potássio-silicática alcalina (K3), moídas e aplicadas superficialmente em área total, como fontes de K para as culturas de soja (Glycine max), milho (Zea mays), feijão comum (Phaseolus vulgaris) e arroz de terras altas (Oryza sativa). Quatro experimentos – um com cada cultura – foram conduzidos em dois anos agrícolas, em Latossolo Vermelho, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de três fontes (a tradicional KCl, K2 e K3) e quatro doses (0, 0,5, 1,0 e 2,0 vezes a recomendada para cada cultura) de K. As três fontes aumentaram de forma similar os teores de K nas folhas de soja, milho e feijão comum, mas não tiveram efeito sobre o de arroz. A produtividade de grãos de todas as culturas aumentou com a aplicação de K2 e K3, como observado para KCl. A eficiência das fontes alternativas de K varia em função da dose e da cultura. A fonte K3 é viável para ser aplicada a lanço na dose de K recomendada para as culturas estudadas, enquanto K2 é viável apenas para soja, milho e feijão comum. |
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ISSN: | 0100-204X 1678-3921 1678-3921 |
DOI: | 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02443 |