Effect of peculiar velocities on the gravitational potential in cosmological models with perfect fluids

We consider a universe filled with perfect fluid with the constant equation of state parameter ω. In the theory of scalar perturbations, we study the effect of peculiar velocities on the gravitational potential. For radiation with ω=1/3, we obtain the expression for the gravitational potential in the integral form. Numerical calculation clearly demonstrates the modulation of the gravitational potential by acoustic oscillations due to the presence of peculiar velocities. We also show that peculiar velocities affect the gravitational potential in the case of the frustrated network of cosmic strings with ω=−1/3.