Secretory Status and ABO (H) Antigens Expression in Patients with Potentially Malignant and Malignant Oral Disorders Associated with Habits

Background: Blood group antigens, known as ABO antigens, are located on the surface of red blood cells and other types of epithelial cells. Changes in these antigens are important for the diagnosis of oral malignancies. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to look into the secretory status and expression of ABO (H) antigens in individuals who had tobacco-related habits and possibly malignant and malignant oral illnesses. Materials and Methods: Three groups of ninety patients (OPMD, OSCC, and Controls) were created, and each group's blood type was identified. An inhibition test was used to find out how secretory saliva was. Results: Among various patients, nonsecretors predominated in the category followed by ‘A' secretors. Premalignant individuals exhibited a partial reduction in antigens, while cancer patients displayed a partial to full depletion of blood group antigens. This correlation was found to be statistically notable (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Blood group classification ought to be factored in alongside other risk elements to comprehend the individual patient's susceptibility to malignant progression in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Keywords: ABO blood group system, early detection of cancer oral lichen planus, mouth neoplasms, sustainable development goal