Editorial: Advances in Musculoskeletal Modeling and Their Application to Neurorehabilitation

Bio-fidelic predictive NMS models could delineate crucial parameters of a design and elucidate the effect of a device conceptual design on an individual's kinematics and kinetics. [...]the design process will become human-centered in which a design optimization step includes all important factors, such as mechanical, electrical, material, as well as physiological. Optimal control simulations showed that optimizing muscle selection and stimulation timing results in a 23% improvement in the gait symmetry of an individual post-stroke compared to the simulated results from common clinical practice. The authors also showed that the large thoracoscapular muscles do more work than glenohumeral muscles during arm-elevation tasks. [...]this model, which along with the experimental data is freely available on SimTK.org, is expected to be applied by researchers, including NMS modelers designing treatments for the shoulder joint. Romero-Sánchez et al. developed a theoretical framework and a computational model for a hybrid orthosis—also referred to as a rehabilitation exoskeleton, which consists of electromechanical actuation and functional electrical stimulation (FES).