Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Relation to Location: A Retrospective Analysis Study

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a leading cause of death disability. DVT can be classified based on the location and extent of the clot into isolated distal DVT (iDDVT), isolated proximal DVT (iPDVT), or mixed DVT. The aim of this study is to explore the baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with different types of DVT. This was a retrospective study of patients who experienced their first DVT event and received an anticoagulant for management. The outcomes of this study include evaluating patients' characteristics for patients with DVT and assessing the incidence of recurrent DVT, major bleeding (MB), VTE-related rehospitalization, and DVT-related inpatient mortality across different types of DVT. A total of 493 patients were included in the study. Of those, 273 (55.4%) had iPDVT, 25 (5.1%) had iDDVT, and 195 (39.6%) had mixed DVT. The VTE etiology was similar across the groups except for the leg injury, which was significantly higher in patients with iDDVT (24%) compared to iPDVT (6.2%) and mixed DVT (5.6%) ( = .002). At 12 months, a total of 49 patients (9.9%) had a recurrent DVT event; 25 (9.2%) in the iPDVT group, 3 (12.0%) in the iDDVT group, and 21 (10.8%) in the mixed DVT group ( = .797). Rates of MB, re-hospitalization, and death from DVT were similar between the groups. Baseline characteristics were not significantly linked to the risk of developing a specific type of lower extremity DVT. Long-term outcomes were similar across all DVT types.